While the APA Publication Manual does not require a specific order for a literature review, a good literature review typically contains the following co… -Any type of academic research must first propose the study to the ethics board or institutional review board (IRK) at … The USDA and local ordinances should be consulted for information regarding regulations and approved suppliers. They are informed by Section 8.09 of the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (APA, 2010). Include information on where you found the paper. If the task is urgent but volume and requires research and time-consuming work, joint work of two or more authors save the situation. The IACUC oversees the specific use of animals by formally reviewing animal use protocols and granting approval prior to the work commencing. No animal shall be discarded until its death is verified. National Research Council (2003). (i.e., attributing human characteristics to animals or to inanimate sources) and how to avoid doing so. Agencies that award funds for research typically require researchers to have their research proposals reviewed by a research ethics board. Federal Register, 55(32), (Feb 15, 1991), 6426-6505. (8th Edition). National Research Council (2008). Please. Laboratory animals are to be provided with humane care and healthful conditions during their stay in any facilities of the institution. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. If you think your paper could be improved, you can request a review. As a scientific and professional organization, APA recognizes the complexities of defining psychological well-being for both human and non-human animals. Psychologists should make every effort to ensure that those responsible for transporting the nonhuman animals to the facility provide adequate food, water, ventilation, space, and impose no unnecessary stress on the animals (NRC, 2006). To minimize the number of nonhuman animals used, multiple research uses of individual animals should be considered. Washington, DC: APA. Chimpanzee Research: The Beginning of the End? Violations of the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct by an APA member should be reported to the APA Ethics Committee by phone at 202-336-5930, or in writing to the APA Ethics Office, 750 First St., NE, Washington, DC  20002-424. Psychologists should ensure that personnel involved in their research with nonhuman animals be familiar with these guidelines. Care and Housing of Laboratory Animals, Advancing psychology to benefit society and improve lives. (2012, February 24). Field research that carries a risk of materially altering the behavior of nonhuman animals and/or producing damage to sensitive ecosystems is subject to IACUC approval. When euthanasia is appropriate, either as a requirement of the research or because it constitutes the most humane form of disposition of a nonhuman animal at the conclusion of the research: Euthanasia must be accomplished in a humane manner, appropriate for the species and age, and in such a way as to ensure immediate death, and in accordance with procedures outlined in the latest version of the “AVMA (American Veterinary Medical Association) Guidelines on Euthanasia (2007) (PDF, 550KB).". From the information on the title page to the headers that divide information in the discussion, each section has a predetermined format. %%EOF Guidelines for the care and use of mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research. Observational and other noninvasive forms of behavioral studies that involve no aversive stimulation to, or elicit no sign of distress from the nonhuman animal are acceptable. Retrieved April 8, 2010. Experimental procedures that require prolonged aversive conditions or produce tissue damage or metabolic disturbances require greater justification and surveillance by the psychologist and IACUC. In general, psychologists should act on the assumption that procedures that are likely to produce pain in humans may also do so in other animals, unless there is species-specific evidence of pain or stress to the contrary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Determine the replicability and generality of prior research. Speed. The researchers identified 3,341 patients with functional seizures, 74% of … Our variable pricing structure allows the pets that find homes quickly to cover those who stay with us longer or require a little more help getting back on their paws. h�bbd``b`z Laboratory animals not bred in the psychologist’s facility are to be acquired lawfully. Statements must be supported by evidence, whether from scholarly sources (as in a research paper), results of a study or experiment, or quotations from a primary text (as in a literary analysis essay). APA's 2002 Ethics Code, which takes effect June 1, mandates that psychologists who use animals in research: Acquire, care for, use and dispose of animals in compliance with current federal, state and local laws and regulations, and with professional standards. The psychologist(s) should monitor the research and the subjects’ welfare throughout the course of an investigation to ensure continued justification for the research. Research involving animals should be conducted with the same rigor as research in humans. Adopted by the APA Council of Representatives on February 24, 2012. In 1970, the US Congress placed marijuana in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act because they considered it to have “no accepted medical use.” Since then, 33 of 50 US states and DC have legalized the medical use of marijuana. For example, by studying snakes we have learned that they stick their tongues out because they are trying to pick up odors around them. Animals are often used to study many different scientific topics. § 2131 et seq. In general, laboratory animals should not be subjected to successive survival surgical procedures, except as required by the nature of the research, the nature of the specific surgery, or for the well-being of the animal. Unless there is specific justification for acting otherwise, research animals should be maintained under anesthesia until all surgical procedures are ended. The Animal Welfare Act (Laboratory Animal Welfare Act of 1966, Pub.L. One of the earliest ethics codes was the —a set of 10 principles written in 1947 in conjunction with the trials of Nazi physicians accused of shockingly cruel research on concentration camp prisoners during World War II. APA style is different than Modern Language Association style, which is used in most humanities … It is the main federal law in the United States that regulates the treatment of animals in research and exhibition. III. Research on nonhuman animals may not be conducted until the protocol has been reviewed by an appropriate animal care committee; typically, an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC), to ensure that the procedures are appropriate and humane. Procedures involving the use of paralytic agents without reduction in pain sensation require particular prudence and humane concern. It is important to recognize that this document constitutes “guidelines,” which serve a different purpose than “standards.” Standards, unlike guidelines, require mandatory compliance, and may be accompanied by an enforcement mechanism. Chimpanzee research achieved new levels of attention within both the public and scientific sphere in the last year. Any paper will be written on time for a cheap price. Reviews. Guidelines for Ethical Conduct in the Care and Use of Nonhuman Animals in Research was developed by the American Psychological Association Committee on Animal Research and Ethics in 2010-11. Of research ) above they conduct research FCR ) or designated member review ( DMR.... Law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on August 24, 2012 types of assignments are informed Section! By an IACUC or committee appropriate to the formerly captive animals and to the minimal levels compatible with goals! Urgent but volume and requires research and exhibition to required permits and concerns. 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