A body of water that is surrounded by land it can be fresh water or salt water. Data from the 10,000 XBTs U.S. oceanographers launch annually are a major source of physical oceanographic information. An ________ is the surgical removal of the appendix.. 40 0 obj A form of erosion that deepens a channel by removing material from a stream's bed or a valley's floor. Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. These tides occur when the earth, moon and sun are in a straight line. the movement of water through the biosphere, Release of harmful materials into the environment, the contamination of the atmosphere by the introduction of pollutants from human and natural sources, the addition of any substance that has a negative effect on water or the living things that depend on the water, The contamination of land by both solid and hazardous waste, pollutants being added to soil by agricultural runoffs, unclean technology, waste disposal. D. Cycle D crosses the finish line. Dams' affects: Over time, surface drainage, erosion, and deposition of sinkhole into a shallower bowl-shaped depression. A sudden, violent flood that occurs within a few hours, or even minutes, of a storm. hello quizlet Home Subjects Expert solutions Create caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the sun and earth. b. do the northern coasts of north america and siberia have small continental shelves? stream which flows during certain times of the year, with inputs from precipitation and groundwater. Numeric and graphic displays of data in the ship's laboratory provide maps of the seafloor topography. A single wave crest much higher than usual caused by constructive interference. Animals that live at the bottom of a body of water. This happens through adhesion and cohesion These tides are a time of greatest variation between high and low tides. Tema 6: Qu dice el camarero? The deepest zone of the ocean, it extends from 19,700 feet (6,000 meters) to the very bottom at 35,797 ft. (10,911 meters) in the Mariana trench off the coast of Japan. Other profilers, including some that measure sound velocity and microturbulence, are dropped from a ship to free-fall to the seafloor, adjust ballast, and return to the surface for retrieval. Flotation holds the instruments and their tether line upright in the water column and brings them to the surface on release. Depth, ecosystem (plant life), sediment type, outflow source/s, inflow source/s, Importance chemicals to lake life: nitrogen and phosphorus Expressed as a ratio of salt (in grams) to L of water. Oceanography Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Oceanography 2021 STUDY Flashcards Learn Write Spell Test PLAY Match Gravity Surface Currents Click card to see definition These transfer heat from tropical to polar regions, distribute nutrients, scatter organisms and influence weather and climate. +Commonly associated with limestone, streams that terminate abruptly by seeping into the ground, a deep, hollowed-out area under the earth's surface. these ions are carried away in runoffs to streams to Rivers and then the ocean. Depends of surface sunlight and increases as the ocean depth decreases. Freshwater in the form of vapor moves from the ocean to the atmosphere through evaporation causing the higher salinity. The sheets may be laminated or in sheet protectors without annotations affixed. Highly dependent on the depth of the water. Allows for drainage of excess water. Cycle A passes Cycle B. Those nutrients nourish phytoplankton and ultimately animals like killer whales that are farther up the food chain. can carry/transport. %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C The lander makes a second buoyancy adjustment to insure stability once it has landed. It is desired to reduce the net rate of radiation heat transfer between the two plates to one-fifth by placing thin aluminum sheets with an emissivity of 0.10.10.1 on both sides between the plates. The largest water bottles, called Gerard barrels, collect 250 liters. +dad aerates this layer every fall Why do currents in the eastern Atlantic Ocean flow towards the south? They show the shape of the land the mountains, valleys, and plains by means of brown contour lines, The concept that describes the hierarchy of stream types (see image). physically deposited particles derived from weathered rocks, streams move sediments acquired from mass wasting, overland flow, and groundwater. A natural source of water formed when water from an aquifer moves up to the ground surface. endobj Check out, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sofar.html, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2020 Rules), 2020 Science Olympiad: Dynamic Planet NOAA, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2018 Rules), Dynamic Planet Great Climateand GlacierGraphsand Maps, Investigating Plate Tectonics with Google Earth, The Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resources, Oceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science. Wave generated as a result of a seismic event. Uninterupted distance over which the wind blows without significant change in direction. +comes from PRESSURE in confined aquifers forcing the water to the surface. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger that makes bottle rotate 180 degrees while trapping water and closing a time of no current, occurs at high and low tides when current change direction, water rushing into an enclosed area because of the rise in sea level as a tide crest approaches. +transpiration = 10% of water vapor, the emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants, The water stored in the soil. Equatorial currents are driven by the___? New methods for this kind of sampling are being developed in order to reduce station time. The key answer is that the shape of the gyre is determined by whether the winds torque the water in a clockwise or in a counterclockwise direction. ..spread non-biodegradable materials and air pollutants around the world. when the level of water within the rock or soil underground rises; water table rises to reach ground level and water starts to seep through to the surface and flooding can happen. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger, Samples: Water Animals that are free to swim through the water column. (see image), Layers below the zone of aeration; the soil or rock located below the top of the groundwater table. the earth magnetic polarity sometimes______, the process by which collision of the earth's crustal plates results in one plate's being drawn down or overridden by another, localized along the juncture of two plates, two tectonic plates moving towards each other, two tectonic plates sliding past one another. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. endobj Do ocean gyres have specific shapes to them? also the Gulf Streams ties to the Bermuda High http://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/HighLow. Notes: Samples from the Ekman Grab and Soft Bottom Modified Petersen Grab are often processed with this in studies looking for organisms living in the sediments, the wash bucket gets rid of most of the sediments and all that is left are the critters (worms, snails, clams and small crustaceans) that live in the mud or sand. They provide data from both descent and ascent. a wave in which water oscillates without causing progressive wave forward movement. The restoring force is surface tension. Tide caused by gravitational and inertial interaction of the moon and Earth. Interactions between surface and groundwater. =the Pacific Garbage Patch, =excessive agriculture As scientists try to understand movement of materials through the oceanic system, they moor sediment traps at various depths for many months to collect samples of particles sinking through the water column. In the North Atlantic, this runs somewhat southwest to northeast, while in the North Pacific it runs much more east-west. slows the movement of water and increases evaporation from reservoirs; may hold water back, store water, control flooding, and generate electricity. +By trapping sediment in reservoirs, dams interrupt the continuity of sediment transport through rivers, resulting in loss of reservoir storage and reduced usable life, and depriving downstream reaches of sediments essential for channel form and aquatic habitats. << /Type /XRef /Length 66 /Filter /FlateDecode /DecodeParms << /Columns 5 /Predictor 12 >> /W [ 1 3 1 ] /Index [ 133 26 ] /Info 145 0 R /Root 135 0 R /Size 159 /Prev 446956 /ID [<2d92f2a28170415fac90dfa552561314><2d92f2a28170415fac90dfa552561314>] >> The restoring force is gravity and momentum. What is the strongest influence upon tides? Interaction with the wind keeps this layer mixed and thus allows the heat from the sun to be distributed vertically. how does kidney failure affect the nervous system, detailed record of a land area, giving geographic positions and elevations for both natural and man-made features. 2 Juli, 2022 . Flow generally occurs only during the wet season (50 percent of the time or less). a spring whose water flows from a crack in the cap rock over the aquifer. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line by free fall (no messenger needed) A cold air mass moving forward into an area occupied by relatively warm air is called a _____ front, Low pressure systems in the northern hemisphere rotate _______, redistribute heat from one area to another, When ice forms from seawater, the remaining seawater will have an _______ density. The normal range of ocean _______ ranges between 33 to 37 g per liter (33 - 37) however, there are areas of high and low _______. This change in the suns position from winter to summer means that more energy's reaching the ocean and therefore warms the water. This measurement of volume of water flow is equal to 1 million metres cubed per second. It checks its sensors as it descends and reports their status to the ship. Think underground water storage (confined = impenetrable (low permeability) rock above them, unconfined = permeable solid layer above them, A body of distinctly less permeable material that is located above or below one or more aquifers. surface ocean circulation is modified by what? There is a nick point here. (See image), In the same way that water moves upwards through a tube against the force of gravity; water moves upwards through soil pores, or the spaces between soil particles. is not used up because it does not participate in the #G@P emissions of gases, non-explosive lava emissions, extremely violent explosive bursts that last many hours; volcanic eruptions, a process by which glaciers form and spread; the forming, existence, or movement of glaciers over the surface of the earth. Particles in the water samples may be quantified with a transmissometer sent down the wire or attached to a CTD/rosette. Satellite-based instruments useful to oceanographers studying ocean circulation include altimeters, which register variations in sea level slope that indicate current flow, and infrared sensors that show currents, eddies, and other circulation features. This type of tidal cycle is found commonly in the Gulf of Mexico. Ocean water freezes at a lower temperature than freshwater. The distance and direction that a wave travels, The type of animal to most likely live on a sandy beach, A common toxic substance found on all muddy beaches. process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. About US; Channels; Contact; Packages; Tata sky; Main menu The surface layer, also called the sunlight zone. The sea surface temperature ranges from as high as 97F (36C) in the Persian Gulf, to 28F (-2C) near the north pole. The boundary where the ocean and the land meet; temporary and unstable, The evolution of bogs and marshes from interactions between surface and groundwater, Wetlands are formed from these interactions and are present in climates and landscapes that cause ground water to discharge to land surface or that prevent rapid drainage of water from the land surface. endstream What does constructive interference result in? Flow generally occurs for a short time after extreme storms. 1. The Science Olympiad consists of interscholastic competitions for students in grades 6th-12th. ;AQ*02zWU `oRFJst, Surface oceans circulation is driven primarily by what? A wave of moving energy in which the wave form moves in one direction along the surface of the transmission medium.
Dmm}W.-22N\jT+bL*aBO;jke>9Rp{*u*? a single channel that winds snakelike over the area it covers. A system in a steady state since forward reaction and backward reaction occur at the same rate; the rate of loss is equal to the rate of gain. +is a key process within the water cycle Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. A piston corer can return a cylinder of sediment up to 100 feet (33 meters) long that may encompass several million years of sedimentary history. A kind of sinkhole that may develop abruptly and cause catastrophic damages. Dynamic Planet works with high-impact partners to help build regenerative landscapes and seascapes. =deforestation 137 0 obj ( a maritime tropical air mass is likely to be what? In a more recent technique, an acoustic Doppler profiler measures currents while a ship is underway. stream is the difference in height between successive high and low tides. This zone is saturated with water. These tides occur when the earth, moon and sun are at right angles. The CTD is one kind of profiler - that is, it descends through the water column making continuous measurements. -As the plates alternately jam and jump against each other, earthquakesrattle through awide boundary zone-Natural or human-made structures that cross a transform boundary are offsetsplit into pieces and carried in opposite directions c.Types of Plates Continental Plate - Tectonic plates that lie under surface land masses - Thicker, less dense An area of waterlogged soil that tends to be peaty; fed mainly by upwelling water; low productivity. deep ocean water generally has high amounts of what element? While not exactly "seagoing" instruments, Earth-orbiting satellites play an important role in modern oceanography. The Ekman spiral: Answer. Specially designed water bottles enclose a sample, and then dispense chemical labels useful for a variety of measurements. . What is a gyre? Two very large parallel plates are maintained at uniform temperatures of T1=1100KT_1=1100 \mathrm{~K}T1=1100K and T2=700KT_2=700 \mathrm{~K}T2=700K and have emissivities of 1=2=0.5\varepsilon_1=\varepsilon_2=0.51=2=0.5, respectively. stream Sound is also used for geophysical exploration of the seafloor and the layers beneath it. In addition, receipt of satellite data useful for directing experiments at sea allows oceanographers to make efficient use of precious ship time. << /Linearized 1 /L 448024 /H [ 775 232 ] /O 137 /E 107744 /N 17 /T 446955 >> 138 0 obj develops where streams flow away from a common high point on cone- or dome-shaped geologic structures, such as volcanoes (opposite is centripetal). Dynamic Planet is an event concerned with the processes which change the Earth. the height of a wave depends upon___, ___, ___? The sensor package includes the capability to telemeter some data on a regular basis via satellite to a central data facility. (b the geological process in which earthen materials are worn away and transported by natural forces such as wind or water. Predetermined questions will be used as tiebreakers. These robots, used for many years for simple oceanographic tasks, are increasingly sophisticated. GNc%Ck-n2iwGUAO >N
kaG #;y-JFDBmTny^;q %PDF-1.5 vtuber dox site. %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C They disrupt a waterway's ability to support vital ecosystems, have led to the extinction of many fish and other aquatic species, the disappearance of birds in floodplains, huge losses of forest, wetland and farmland, erosion of coastal deltas, and many other unmitigable impacts. . At the base of this mixing layer is the beginning of the thermocline. Horizontal distance between two consecutive wave crests or wave troughs, Vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent wave trough. a dome-shaped mound consisting of a layer of soil over a large core of ice, occurring in permafrost areas. https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/physical-ocean/currents, https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts-education-resources/ocean-currents, also the Gulf Streams ties to the Bermuda High , https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/SeaIce, Regarding animal communication, the answer may be yes as well, but I havent done a ton of digging into it yet, so Im not totally sure about details. science olympiad dynamic planet oceanography notes. This sediment builds and steadily decreases the storage capacity of the reservoir. Is related to changes in temperature of a gas or object without changes in phases. Dynamic Planet Freshwater - Science Olympiad 2021-2022 4.8 (13 reviews) Term 1 / 97 fresh water Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 97 water that contains very low amounts of salts, such as rivers and lakes Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by Rachel_Pedler Teacher Terms in this set (97) fresh water =non-biodegradable trash and plastic The pattern a drainage network takes when viewed from the air. the action or process of forming or depositing sediment. From surface to 660 feet (200 meters) most visible light exists. what is the deepest part of the ocean called? the fine sediment carried within the body of flowing water, the sediment carried along the bed (bottom) of the river, total amount of sediments a river is capable of transporting, maximum particle size that a river is capable of transporting at a given point. A deep, steep sided canyon on the ocean floor. Hall, William C. Rose. They can repeat this process for up to five years. These waves have a wavelength greater than 1.73cm. Sometimes called a node. direction of water flow is where two rivers come together. Teams will be presented with data, charts/graphs, pictures or diagrams and/or written descriptions. A collaborative effort of scientists from several oceanographic institutions aims to provide accurate measurements at this interface particularly for the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). Slowing and bending of progressive waves in shallow water. +this calculates the curvature of the body. The pressure in this zone is extreme and at depths of 13,100 feet (4,000 meters), reaches over 5850 pounds per square inch. Operates: On a cable or line (free fall) or by hand without a messenger On average, there is a distinct decrease of _______ near the equator at both poles, although for different reasons. der Berliner Zoo. =industrial waste Occur where a river meets an area of rock that erodes slowly, process by which a stream in one watershed is captured by a stream in an adjacent watershed, channel irregularities such as rapids and waterfalls, deposits of sand and soil at the mouth of a river form, graph used to show if sediments will deposit, transport, or erode sediment. One of the major parts in Earth's outer crust layer. At the instrument's maximum depth of 1,000 to 6,500 feet (300 to 2,000 meters), the wire breaks. Campus Box 8211 -from cars ]zT8S %HFO$e@ NNw3v"wWQsdgJNqJ 4y $,>=kzGj0,Qa*rQag#? what happens if a swimmer gets caught in a rip current? Type of pollution characterized by unwanted or potentially damaging sound. vyk!5%;p?SIquh3t]`O-J {r}- \J-mKNr5nAH 8nlgi^/HVd`uJYUz>U"BFhQC4:P P>6@'fv J1@[WJ! / s@ oF(:!C5h '4 TTf;V idV*}*I:(UNT2< << /Pages 152 0 R /Type /Catalog >> A device that determines the distance of an object under water by recording echoes of sound waves. +Because dams are built to store water, they also store the sediment that all rivers carry. One such lander is released from the research vessel at the sea surface. the quantity of water in a stream that passes a given point in a period of time; an outflow of water from a stream, pipe, groundwater aquifer, or watershed; the opposite of recharge. enables scientists to investigate the dynamic processes in the deep interior of Earth. Is whale communication impacted by changes in ocean properties? Sophisticated data processing reveals the effects of temperature, density, and currents on its travel time. Dynamic Planet Meteorology Road Scholar Rocks and Minerals Solar System Physical Science & Chemistry Can't Judge a Powder Crave The Wave Crime Busters Sounds of Music Storm the Castle Technology & Engineering Bridge Flight Roller Coaster Wheeled Vehicle Inquiry & Nature of Science Codebusters Experimental Design Fast Facts Write It Do It Points are awarded for quality and accuracy of answers. Eddies can form. Continental Crust, continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, ocean floor, and oceanic crust. About a dozen amphidromic points exist in the world ocean. << /Annots [ 56 0 R ] /Contents 43 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Parent 61 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /G3 52 0 R >> /Font << /F4 53 0 R /F6 54 0 R /F7 55 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /XObject << /X5 42 0 R >> >> /StructParents 0 /Type /Page >> 39 0 obj A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. Microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic plant organisms that function as producers in aquatic ecosystems, An organism that gets its food from light, An organism that feeds on dying organisms, a moving ridge on the surface of the water. However, the connection between the atmosphere and ocean (atmospheric circulations and wind driving ocean surface currents) is one key thing (see explanation above). -HRAC}HL_()O:)lW*18ORzw*BXt$O6H_g:6#MHA?j) l}U@7p>j Kd0}mkT*wv4#(t3DF (P40iDQ (b( 1C;PTB They carry cold water towards the equator. Another is the expendable BathyThermograph (XBT), a temperature probe released on a weighted copper wire that unreels to record temperature and depth while the ship is underway. appendectomy\hspace{1cm} appendicitis. This event is generously supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the North American Association for Environmental Education (NAAEE). When ice freezes, the underlying water gets saltier and sinks, mixing the water column and bringing nutrients to the surface.