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Moreover, the horrors of the late war were alive in the memories of most Americans and the real or imagined threat of resumed and open hostilities operated with more persuasive force than the best of arguments. 5. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. Farmers would collude to drive up prices of certain crops. To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. Senators? hb```c``e`f`xb,@($yQAI
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This hostility gathered strength as scandals continued to supply evidence for its justification. Much of the South lay in ruins with Republicans were in control of both the House and Senate, and they gave a ringing endorsement to the amendment and congressional, not presidential, Reconstruction. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. The four states did not rejoin the Union until 1870. Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. Grant won the 1868 presidential election by a landslide in the Electoral College, but only won the popular vote by 300,000 ballots. endstream
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The historians aim is to write the first comprehensive history of the period. Did Congress like the 10% Plan? Presented to the Capitalists and People of the Central and Northern States, by Bannister, Cowan & Company, Group E: Excerpt from Albert T. Morgan, Yazoo, Or, On the Picket Line of Freedom, 1881. The Jim Crow era replaced Reconstruction and ushered in a new era of racial segregation, violence, and murder well into the twentieth century. endstream
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As resistance and violence continued to spread in the South, Republican resolve began to weaken. He antagonized the northern voters. answer choices Time period after the Civil War Attempt to rebuild and reunite the North and South When 3 new amendments to the Constitution were passed All of the above! a person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction. How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. Take sample from your personal experience. Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. WebThe reconstruction approach they preferred was embodied in the WadeDavis bill (July 1864), which called for the establishment of a military government in each state and required at least fifty percent of the eligible voters to swear allegiance to the United States. Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The passage of the 14th Amendment and Civil Rights legislation were great victories for the advocates of equality under the law. This represented the reversal of that portion of the Dred Scott decision which ruled that black people were not and could not become citizens of the United States or enjoy any of the privileges and immunities of citizenship. Was corruption now any less? Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. and any corresponding bookmarks? This meant that Southern governments frequently were in the hands of novices: for example, inexperienced (and sometimes illiterate) freedmen andworse yet, from the point of view of many Southern loyalistsNortherners who had moved in the wake of war to assist in the recovery effort. In this Did it accomplish anything? Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. Losing the Civil War meant that the South would have to conform to the laws of the United States. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union. %%EOF
Which plan was the hardest on the South? There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. for freed slaves. The website Making Sense of Letters and Diaries is one such site. But another clear reason was the often ineffective and incompetent governing that characterized many of the post-war Republican Southern governments. The Freedmen's Bureau helped most in the area of education. endstream
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What was the Freedmen's Bureau?
plan was the easiest on the South? The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. endstream
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Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. Who did the states and congress give free land to? The House and Senate refused to seat southern delegates. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. In fact, African Americans took part in all the conventions and made up the majority of delegates in South Carolina. Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. from your Reading List will also remove any Who was the Republican leader in the House? Many went to work in the mills. The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. While many of the efforts at reconstruction were legitimate and well-intentioned, a good number were not. How might a fact like this have affected opinions on questions such as civil rights, government contracts for major infrastructure improvements (such as railroads) and shaped views on questions such as education? Which group was still not aloud to vote? How did whites regain political control in the south? The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. universal male suffrage, Alexander Stephens. Why did white southerners move to take the vote away from blacks at the end of the century? *SY(u%
9 Laws passed by the South during Presidential Reconstruction that regulated the lives of freed slaves. Blacks were required to either sign labor contracts or face arrest for vagrancy, and they were not allowed to serve on juries or testify in court. dkRlbH/Wo/3+Po32dDJAw'sN72G>0,a-X{..\&j;Z0P{~S W]O"Kwrzb\G 7O XctWhpk Removing #book# Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. What connections do you see between the realities in Latin America and South Africa? was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. Segregation laws would sunset and have to be repealed within the next 20 years. The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee Reconstruction aimed to bring the southern states back into the Union, reestablish southern loyalty to the United States Constitution, integrate freed slaves into society, and repair the southern economy that no longer had the advantage of slave labor. In the Senate? If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. State conventions, elected by universal male suffrage, were to draw up new constitutions, which had to give blacks the right to vote and had to be approved by Congress. Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? What happened to black
Why of why not? Expert Help. The war devastated the Southern economy and population, leaving a lot of hard feelings towards the victorious North. No. Reconstruction in Practice. More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. Historically, scholars have defined Reconstruction as having lasted from 1865 (the end of the American Civil War) until 1877, when a political compromise between the Republican and Democrat parties allowed for Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become President of the United States on the condition that the last remaining federal troops in the South be removed. the amendment stating that all people born in the US have the same rights and are all born equal under the law. General Grant National Memorial, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park, Ulysses S Grant National Historic Site, Download the official NPS app before your next visit, Reconstruction Era National Historic Park, reconstruction era national historical park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park. no, although many blacks stopped participating. WebList the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. Who were the group of people known as carpetbaggers who emerged in the Reconstruction-era South? Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. `a{/uXZO`qf\ v-Nf. Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. However, what gains were made in the realm of civil rights were under assault by the time Grant died and almost completely destroyed by the turn of the century. The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. Select all that apply. Then, for each characteristic of, Reconstruction listed on the chart, check off whether your character would feel positive. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. This was all Congress needed to begin impeachment proceedings. Johnson denounced the Fourteenth Amendment and urged the southern states not to ratify it. Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. The impeachment of Johnson. It was drafted according to the Ten-Percent Plan It gave blacks the right to vote Were there any black governors in the South during Reconstruction? The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. 0. While this lesson will not provide answers for all of these questions, the hope is that it will point students in the direction of seeking out such answers with the documents and the interactive provided and formulating their own similar kinds of questions. A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. legislators that were elected to office in the South during Reconstruction? "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. What did the 15th Amendment accomplish ? The authors of the documents were selected to show a variety of contrasting views and also to reflect the different ways that Reconstruction affected various populations. Andrew Johnson. Reconstruction Era National Historic Park in Beaufort, South Carolina defines Reconstruction as having started in 1861 (the beginning of the American Civil War) and lasting until the early twentieth century. Who did it benefit? Ten Southern states were placed under the control of military leaders until such time as they passed the Fourteenth Amendment and put state constitutions in place that aligned with the United States Constitution. WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. What problems were faced by the freed slaves?
The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. Compute the acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds -30. They came from a wide variety of backgrounds ranging from highly-educated professionals to former Civil War soldiers. Howdid the Thirteenth Amendment changethe Constitution? What were the economic beliefs of the Radical Republicans? blacks could vote and hold office. Lincoln: The states should be reintegrated into the Union when ten percent President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. What were Black Codes, and why were they created? Johnson appointed provisional governors and authorized them to set up state conventions, which in turn were charged with declaring secession illegal; repudiating Confederate debts; ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States; and scheduling elections. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. WebReconstruction Question 6 900 seconds Q. Enough Republican senators appreciated the fact that Johnson's offenses were political and that they did not fall under the high crimes and misdemeanors specified in the Constitution for presidential impeachment. ~~C9;9owSQ?C ` N-
Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. Johnson's policies. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. But how much really changed? 75RockiCr ? Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. Please wait while the activity loads. many had borrowed form the merchants who forclosed on them when they could not pay. Did Congress do anything about white violence? Think about the italicized questions 3) The South could not repay loans from countries that helped them. endstream
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The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). ]~ys6i`>lp=xY9'X\eQS%'#H
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xL*m18&) B:17R#Y#>\ Congressmen? 2. Radical plan wanted to punish the south, while Lincoln and Johnson wanted to reunite the union as quickly as possible. the redeemers. In this sense Reconstruction failed not because of President Grant or even because of southern opposition to civil rights, but because an entire nation--North, South, and West--lost the political and moral will to support the cause of equality before the law. The teacher may also wish to visit the two EDSITEment-reviewed websites mentioned above for additional background material concerning reconstruction: America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War and Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.